5G Application ScenariosThe development of 5G networks starting in 2019 is generally believed to bring changes not limited to people’s daily life. It will support the evolution of ...

Polarization maintaining(PM) optical fiber connectors are usually used for special applications, such as optical fiber sensing, interferometry, planar waveguides, coherent optical ...

CCWDM is Compact CWDM (Compact Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing), which is a wavelength division multiplexing technology based on TFF (Thin Film Filter). It works in the sam...

Birefringent crystals are widely used to fabricate optical passive devices such as optical isolator, optical circulator, polarization beam combiner/splitter, optical interleaver. T...

Optical isolators are widely used in optical fiber communication systems, optical fiber sensing systems and fiber lasers. The basic and common principle for optical isolators is Fa...

Why Is Flat Response Required?In the all optical network (AON), the optical signals passed tens of nodes before reaching the destination node, as shown in Fig.1. The ROADM nodes ar...

In the first chapter (WDM Devices — AWG with Flat Response), the reasons for the Flat Response required, cause for Gaussian Passband, and three main passband optimization proposals...

Why is AWG demanded?As we know, DWDM technology enables transmission of dozens of wavelengths in a single fiber, which expands the capacity of optical fiber communication enormousl...

Review of Optical Fiber CommunicationBased on industrial view, the development of optical fiber communication has experienced four stages and is now in the fifth stage. In 1970, th...

As we know, optical fiber communication is one of the enabling technologies for Internet and changed the world. The advantage of optical fiber communication is to transmit dozens o...